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Electrical Basics – English vocabulary

50 words · English vocabulary · Created by Openquiz Team

50 English words with meanings: wire, circuit, battery, switch, resistor… Study them with flashcards, quizzes and AI speaking practice on OpenQuiz.

Part of the learning path: English for Technical Work

Word list

  1. wire /waɪər/ (noun) — a thin metal thread that carries electricity
    Example: The wire connects the battery to the bulb.
    Synonyms: cable, cord, lead
  2. circuit /'sɜ:rkɪt/ (noun) — a path for electricity to flow
    Example: The current flows through the circuit.
    Synonyms: electrical path, loop
  3. battery /'bætəri/ (noun) — a device that stores electric power
    Example: The battery provides energy to the device.
    Synonyms: cell, power source
  4. switch /swɪtʃ/ (noun) — a device to turn power on or off
    Example: Turn off the switch before repairing.
    Synonyms: toggle, button
  5. resistor /rɪ'zɪstər/ (noun) — a part that limits electric flow
    Example: The resistor limits the current in the circuit.
    Synonyms: resistance, load
  6. capacitor /kə'pæsɪtər/ (noun) — a part that stores electric charge
    Example: A capacitor stores electrical energy temporarily.
    Synonyms: condensor, storage element
  7. inductor /ɪn'dʌktər/ (noun) — a coil that controls electric flow
    Example: An inductor stores energy in a magnetic field.
    Synonyms: coil, choke
  8. transformer /træns'fɔ:rmər/ (noun) — a device that changes voltage
    Example: A transformer changes voltage levels.
    Synonyms: converter, changer
  9. voltage /'voʊltɪdʒ/ (noun) — the push of electricity
    Example: Measure the voltage with a voltmeter.
    Synonyms: potential difference, electrical pressure
  10. current /'kɜ:rənt/ (noun) — the flow of electricity
    Example: The current passes through the wire.
    Synonyms: flow, charge movement
  11. power /'paʊər/ (noun) — the amount of electrical energy used
    Example: The motor consumes a lot of power.
    Synonyms: energy, electricity
  12. load /loʊd/ (noun) — a device that uses electricity
    Example: The load affects the performance of the circuit.
    Synonyms: consumer, demand
  13. ground /ɡraʊnd/ (noun) — a safe path to the earth for electricity
    Example: Always connect the chassis to ground.
    Synonyms: earth, neutral
  14. fuse /fju:z/ (noun) — a safety part that breaks when power is too high
    Example: The fuse protects the circuit from overload.
    Synonyms: breaker, cutout
  15. relay /'ri:leɪ/ (noun) — a switch controlled by electricity
    Example: A relay can control high current using a small signal.
    Synonyms: switching device, electromagnetic switch
  16. sensor /'sensər/ (noun) — a device that detects changes
    Example: The sensor detects changes in temperature.
    Synonyms: detector, transducer
  17. connector /kə'nektər/ (noun) — a part that joins wires or parts
    Example: Use the right connector for each cable.
    Synonyms: plug, joint
  18. plug /plʌɡ/ (noun) — a piece you put into a socket
    Example: Insert the plug into the socket.
    Synonyms: socket, adapter
  19. socket /'sɑ:kɪt/ (noun) — a place to plug in
    Example: The lamp is connected to the wall socket.
    Synonyms: receptacle, outlet
  20. outlet /'aʊt,lɛt/ (noun) — a socket where you plug in electrical devices
    Example: Plug the charger into the outlet.
    Synonyms: socket, power point
  21. cable /'keɪbəl/ (noun) — a wire that carries electricity
    Example: The cable connects the computer to the power source.
    Synonyms: wire, cord
  22. lamp /læmp/ (noun) — a device that gives light
    Example: The lamp provides light for reading.
    Synonyms: light bulb, illuminator
  23. motor /'moʊtər/ (noun) — a machine that turns electricity into movement
    Example: The motor drives the fan blades.
    Synonyms: engine, machine
  24. generator /'ʤɛnə,reɪtər/ (noun) — a machine that makes electricity
    Example: The generator produces electricity.
    Synonyms: alternator, power plant
  25. alternator /'ɔ:ltər,neɪtər/ (noun) — a machine that makes alternating current
    Example: The alternator charges the car battery.
    Synonyms: AC generator, power source
  26. diode /'daɪ,oʊd/ (noun) — a part that lets electricity flow one way
    Example: A diode allows current to flow in one direction.
    Synonyms: semiconductor, rectifier
  27. transistor /træn'zɪstər/ (noun) — a small part that controls electrical signals
    Example: The transistor amplifies electronic signals.
    Synonyms: semiconductor, amplifier
  28. LED /,ɛl.i:'di:/ (noun) — a light that uses very little power
    Example: The LED turns on when power is applied.
    Synonyms: light diode, indicator
  29. sensor /'sensər/ (noun) — a device that detects changes
    Example: The temperature sensor sends signals to the controller.
    Synonyms: detector, probe
  30. controller /kən'troʊlər/ (noun) — a device that controls how something works
    Example: The controller adjusts the motor speed.
    Synonyms: regulator, manager

…and 20 more words in this set.

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